Head Attachments

Over-the-Head Ties

A peer-reviewed publication showed that, compared with earloops, over-the-head ties were associated with better overall filtration, presumably because of better fit. Research was conducted using disposable masks on one man and one woman. We think this is because the improved stability of the mask and tension against the face improves fit and reduces edge leak. In our peer-reviewed research, we chose to study 2-ply cotton masks with overhead ties rather than earloops for that reason. The masks we constructed, when worn, filtered 40-60% of particles, which was similar to the filtration of a medical mask.

Over-the-Head Elastic

We think adjustable over-the-head elastic is likely to be as good as ties; we recognize this is an uncommon design in reusable masks. It is standard on respirators (N95s, CaN95s, FFP2s and FFP3s), which undergo rigorous testing, including fit testing.  Many people prefer not to have ties over the head because of the interference with hair. People who wear head coverings such as turbans may require ties, but they may need to be longer or to be extended.

Adjustable Earloops

Earloops with adjustment beads or toggles are commercially available; toggles improved fitted filtration, likely by improving fit, in this peer-reviewed study. Medical masks were studied on volunteers. Pony beads or rainbow-loom elastics can be added to earloops to make them adjustable. Don't use anything that can become detached from the mask for younger children, because of the choking hazard.

Earguards and Buttons on Hats and Headbands

If your mask has earloops, there is peer-reviewed evidence that wearing it looped over the ear and also on an earguard at the nape of the neck improves overall efficiency. These findings were confirmed by a second peer-reviewed study. Both studies examined medical masks worn by volunteers. Finally, wearing a mask with earloops on buttons on a band or hat can improve comfort and possibly fit. Based on experience, we think that the button position may need to be individualized so that the mask is pulled backwards onto the face and not upwards into the eyes. More information on getting the best fit from your mask using modifications is available on our ‘mask hacks’ page.